Thus, tropical and subtropical areas are ideal. Warm temperatures are also required for malaria parasites to complete their growth cycle within the mosquitoes. At temperatures below 20°C (68°F), the parasite Plasmodium falciparum can not complete its growth cycle in the mosquitoes so it can not be transmitted.
What climate does malaria occur?
Malaria typically is found in warmer regions of the world — in tropical and subtropical countries. Higher temperatures allow the Anopheles mosquito to thrive. Malaria parasites, which grow and develop inside the mosquito, need warmth to complete their growth before they are mature enough to be transmitted to humans.
What climate zone is malaria most prevalent?
The Eastern Mediterranean Region which Iran is geographically located, includes 60%of the world’s at risk population and is an important region for malaria (Mohammadi et al., 2011).
What temperature does malaria like?
Temperature is particularly critical. For example, at temperatures below 20°C (68°F), Plasmodium falciparum (which causes severe malaria) cannot complete its growth cycle in the Anopheles mosquito, and thus cannot be transmitted.
Why does malaria only occur in hot countries?
For nearly a century, scientists thought that malaria could only spread in places where it is really hot. That’s because malaria is spread by a tiny parasite that infects mosquitoes, which then infect humans — and this parasite loves warm weather.
Does climate cause malaria?
An increase in temperature, rainfall, and humidity may cause a proliferation of the malaria-carrying mosquitoes at higher altitudes, resulting in an increase in malaria transmission in areas in which it was not reported earlier.
What are the environmental factors of malaria?
Natural Environment. Climate-based factors, temperature and precipitation, are the primary environmental determinants of malaria. Temperature impacts vector and parasite development and thus is an important constraint on the geographical suitability to malaria (Gething et al. 2011).
Is malaria a tropical disease?
Malaria is a serious tropical disease spread by mosquitoes. If it isn’t diagnosed and treated promptly, it can be fatal. A single mosquito bite is all it takes for someone to become infected.
Where is malaria most prominent?
Malaria occurs mostly in poor, tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Africa is the most affected due to a combination of factors: A very efficient mosquito (Anopheles gambiae complex) is responsible for high transmission.
How will climate change affect the distribution of malaria?
Rainfall increases the breeding habitats for mosquitoes leading to increased population sizes and the rate of malaria transmission. The rate of development of the malaria parasite in female mosquitoes is very sensitive to ambient temperature.
Where is malaria most common in Africa?
Disease burden
Most were in the WHO African Region, with an estimated 200 million cases, or 92% of global cases. In 2017, five countries accounted for nearly half of all malaria cases worldwide. Four of these were in Africa: Nigeria (25%), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (11%), Mozambique (5%), and Uganda (4%).
In which season malaria is more common?
Answer: Malaria is more common in rainy seasons. This is because mosquitoes (carrier of malaria)need water to breed. They breed in the stagnant waters found in pools during the rainy season.
How can malaria be prevented?
Bite prevention – avoid mosquito bites by using insect repellent, covering your arms and legs, and using a mosquito net. Check whether you need to take malaria prevention tablets – if you do, make sure you take the right antimalarial tablets at the right dose, and finish the course.
Can malaria occur in winter?
Whatever your reason for travel, don’t forget – many areas with warm and humid climates have mosquitoes that can spread malaria even during the winter months. Malaria is a serious disease which can sometimes be deadly.
Does rain cause malaria?
In a typical year, most malaria cases are recorded when rainfall peaks during the months of May—July. Areas of standing water created by heavy rainfall provide breeding grounds for malaria-carrying mosquitoes.
Which countries are malaria endemic?
Afghanistan, Djibouti, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Yemen are in the control stage, and they still represent high malaria transmission areas. As many as 262.000 confirmed cases were reported from the WHO Western Pacific Region in 2010.